Breadth-First Search (BFS) Algorithm
Breadth-First Search (BFS) is one of the fundamental graph traversal algorithms used in computer science. It is particularly effective for searching or traversing tree or graph data structures, exploring nodes level by level from a starting point. BFS is commonly used in scenarios such as finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs, peer-to-peer networks, web crawlers, and more.
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Depth-First Search (DFS) Algorithm
Depth-First Search (DFS) is a classic algorithm used to explore nodes and edges of a graph. It proceeds by exploring as far along a branch as possible before backtracking, which contrasts with Breadth-First Search (BFS) that explores neighbors level by level. DFS can be implemented using either recursion or an explicit stack and is a fundamental tool in fields such as artificial intelligence, compiler design, and topological sorting.
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