Stack Data Structure
A Stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle. This means that the last element added to the stack is the first one to be removed. It is analogous to a stack of plates where only the top plate can be removed at a time.
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Queue Data Structure
A Queue is a linear data structure that follows the First In, First Out (FIFO) principle. This means that the first element added to the queue will be the first one to be removed. It is analogous to a line of people waiting for a service: the person who arrives first gets served first.
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Trie Data Structure
A Trie (pronounced as “try”), also known as a prefix tree or digital tree, is a type of search tree used to store associative data structures, typically strings. Tries are especially useful for solving problems involving dynamic sets of strings, such as dictionary management, autocomplete systems, and IP routing.
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Hash Tables: A Comprehensive Overview
A hash table (also known as a hash map) is a data structure that provides an efficient way of storing and retrieving data using a key-value pair model. The efficiency of hash tables lies in their ability to provide constant time complexity \(\mathcal{O}(1)\), on average, for insertion, deletion, and lookup operations.
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